Power cuts have become more common nowadays, especially during the summer months. It can get uncomfortable even if we sit without the fan spinning overhead for a few minutes. So, an inverter is an indispensable appliance in almost every home. But what is an inverter, and how is it used at home? Let us explore these aspects in detail.
The Inverter – Definition
Simply put, an inverter system is a device that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). The inverter is a stand-alone device connected to a power source like a battery or rectifier. The batteries are rechargeable and store energy as direct current. The inverter converts this direct current into alternating current to power our household electrical equipment that runs on alternating current.
Different Types of inverters in India
Home inverters are available in multiple forms.
1. Pure Sine wave inverter
The pure sine wave inverter is the most efficient inverter system for a home. These devices release electric current in a sine waveform, similar to what we receive from our primary power source.
The pure sine wave inverter is ideal for powering multiple electrical devices, especially those consuming high power. In addition, it provides backup for multiple devices simultaneously. However, these inverters are expensive and recommended for sensitive equipment.
2. Modified Sine wave inverter
The modified sine wave inverter is similar to a pure sine wave inverter because it can power multiple devices simultaneously. However, this device does not offer a smooth transition. Instead, the device pauses for a couple of seconds before switching on or off during power cuts.
Since the device pauses for a while before switching on, it can affect your home equipment like computers, TVs, and other sensitive equipment. For example, you can experience the dimming of lights or a humming sound from such inverters. Though many people use modified sine wave inverters for home use, they are ideal for appliances with a resistive load that does not need any power surge when restarting. In addition, these devices cost less than pure sine wave inverters.
3. Square wave inverter
The square wave inverter is the least efficient of the inverters discussed here. This device is not very common in homes because you cannot connect many devices simultaneously. They are budget-friendly but make more noise than the modified sine wave inverters.
Is the UPS the same as the inverter?
UPS denotes Uninterrupted Power Supply. This device ensures uninterrupted power to the connected appliances in case of a power cut. Generally, UPS machines are used in offices that require a continuous power supply for computers and other equipment. Home UPS are miniature UPS generally connected to computers. The home UPS generally functions for 10 to 15 minutes, allowing users to save their work and shut down their machines safely.
The UPS comprises a more significant circuit comprising a rectifier that converts AC into DC to recharge the batteries. The UPS also has an inverter arrangement for converting DC into AC to power your electrical equipment.
The inverter is different because it converts direct current to alternating current. Compared to the UPS, the inverter has a simpler circuit.
What is a solar inverter?
A solar inverter has become common today in many homes. Its function is to store energy in the form of direct current by converting solar energy to electrical energy. The stored energy is then used to power home appliances by converting DC to AC.
How does a home inverter work?
A home inverter is connected to a battery (usually 12V) and the main switchboard. The batteries get charged through the inverter when the power supply is on. During a power cut, the batteries supply current to the inverter, which converts the DC into AC to power your home appliances.
As a result, your connected home appliances continue functioning without interruptions. They keep working as long as the battery power supply is available. On resumption of electric power from the mains, the inverter switches off to the charging mode to recharge the batteries.
This process is continuous, and your home receives an uninterrupted power supply for your essential electrical appliances.
What appliances can you connect to the home inverter?
Usually, people do not connect heavy appliances like refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, microwave ovens, mixer grinders, and others to the home inverter. Generally, you find the home inverter powering ceiling fans, tube lights, and a couple of plug points. However, nowadays, refrigerators capable of connecting to home inverters are available. Under such circumstances, you can do so.
How long can a home inverter supply power to your home?
It depends on two factors.
- The charge left in the battery, and
- The number of electrical appliances you use with the inverter.
Therefore, fewer electrical appliances can minimize usage and enable the inverters to function for extended hours.
Final Words
Inverters are indispensable to every home today because power cuts have increased. So, a home inverter can help power a few lights and fans to provide users with the essential requirements. You can go for more powerful inverters or a UPS if you have higher requirements.
